Knowledge redundancy in incremental reading
Knowledge redundancy in incremental reading is the practice of storing semantically equivalent knowledge as multiple cloze deletions produced from various texts in multiple contexts. Redundancy increases knowledge coherence, knowledge stability, and results in knowledge darwinism. Paradoxically, a degree of redundancy reduces the costs of learning.
For example, these three cloze deletions provide the same answer in 3 different contexts (clozed keywords in yellow retained for illustration):
- 175 million years ago, Pangea began to break up due to continental drift
- Pangea started breaking up 175 million years ago, and two large masses, Gondwana and Laurasia, were formed
- The opening of the Atlantic Ocean coincided with the initial break-up of the supercontinent Pangaea (175 million years ago)
Knowledge darwinism plays a major role in a spontaneous emergence of solid knowledge coherence in learning. Knowledge darwinism assists the student in building coherent knowledge structures. In simple terms, poor structures do not survive and SuperMemo will brand them as leeches. In addition, instinctively, students de-prioritize knowledge that does not work for them. Review of poorly structured knowledge causes displeasure.
See: Advantages of incremental reading
This glossary entry is used to explain SuperMemo, a pioneer of spaced repetition software since 1987